sevenblackroses
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Symbianize Forum
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WiMAX BM622i PASOK
- Thread starter jojo_aus
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palgay nalang po ng link kung san pede mpgaralan yung telnet ddrwt mrami ksi ssagot ky mr.google eh hnd ko lam kung alin dun thanks
sevenblackroses
Terminated Account
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sevenblackroses
Terminated Account
- Messages
- 87
- Reaction score
- 0
- Points
- 16
Using Telnet
Open the command prompt and type "telnet" (On Windows vista/7 you will need to install it from "programs and features").
connect to <Router_LAN_IP> e.g. 192.168.1.1 so in the command prompt, this would look like:
telnet 192.168.1.1
When asked for the username, enter root (even if you changed username in web interface)
When asked for the password, enter your router's password (default "admin")
[edit]SSH
[edit]Overview
SSH, or Secure Shell, is an encrypted protocol and associated program intended to replace telnet. It can also be used for creating secure tunnels, somewhat akin to Virtual Private Networks, and for use as a network file system (Sshfs). Unless changed, everything SSH operates on port 22.
SSH operates just as telnet with a user/password combination or on a Public/Private key infastructure. For the latter to work, a small public key is given to the server and the server gives your client its public key. Your client encrypts information to the server using the servers public key and the server encrypts information sent to you using your public key. Private keys are never exchanged, and are used to decrypt the information encrypted with the associated public key.
The DD-WRT firmware can use user/pass logon or only allows connections from clients whose public keys are manually entered via the web interface. Multiple keys can be entered by placing them on separate lines.
If you want to use user/password to login using SSH use user "root" with the password you set in the webinterface
Actually you can manually set (via telnet or ssh) the sshd_authorized_keys nvram variable. ie nvram set sshd_authorized_keys=key1 key2 key3 etc
You can also manually edit /tmp/root/.ssh/authorized_keys and add keys (although these will disappear on a reboot unless you have a startup script altering them).
It is worth pointing out ssh keys are quite long strings of characters so if you paste them in you have to be careful that you don't get any line breaks (ie it is one Long continuous line). or they will not work.
[edit]Setting Up
[edit]Public key method
Public key authentication is one of the most secure methods of logging into SSH. It functions similar to HTTPS, as all transmissions are encrypted with a key that only the client and server will have. Another plus...if you use this method instead of password authentication, no one will be able to crack away at your router trying to guess the password!
To enable it, first you should generate a Public/Private key pair on your desktop machine. This can be done through the "Puttygen" utility if you're using either Putty or WinSCP as clients. Copy the public key to the clipboard and save the private key somewhere on your computer. There is no need to save the public key. If you forget it, you can instruct Puttygen to open your private key file rather than generating a new key pair and it will tell you your public key. Users of non-windows environments may use the ssh-keygen(1) utility:
user@machine:~> ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/user/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
68:1c:50:0e:76
d0
9e:5e:5a:65:78:20:5c:fb [email protected]
It is recommended that you don't secure your key pair with a password, as this will make things easier for you, although somewhat less secure.
Using the Web Interface, go to the Administration tab. (in v24 use Services tab)
Under the Services sub-tab, Enable SSHd in the Secure Shell section. If new options don't appear, Save Settings
Paste your public key in the authorized key of the SSHD section that has now expanded. You will need to generate this on your desktop if you don't have one yet.
Save and Apply Settings
NOTE: The format of the public key when pasted has to be "ssh-rsa", space, key, space, comment. Here is an example: (please note that there should be no line feed at the end)
ssh-rsa AAAAB4NfaC3yc5 ... jZfYmBTi7Q== rsa-key-20101024
Alternate method:
Connect with ssh (login/password :0)
root@wrt54g:~# nvram set sshd_authorized_keys='ssh-rsa AAAAB4NfaC3yc5 ... jZfYmBTi7Q== rsa-key-20101024'
root@wrt54g:~# nvram commit
root@wrt54g:~# reboot
Remember to enter your key as an entire characters line (no space, tab...)
In Putty, you can enable key authentication by opening the SSH authentication configuration (Connection -> SSH -> Auth) and entering or browsing to your private key file. Also make sure your auto-login username is root (in Connection -> Data).
[edit]Password Login method
If you don't want the hassle of generating ssh keys, you may use the password logon method. However, please be aware that this method is much less secure! (passwords may be truncated to 8 characters or less)
Using the Web Interface, go to the Administration tab. (in v24 use Services tab)
Under the Services sub-tab, Enable SSHd in the Secure Shell section. If new options don't appear, Save Settings
Enable Password Login to enable the password login
Save and Apply Settings
After this you may login as user "root" with the password you set for the webinterface
[edit]Automatic Login (for shell scripts)
The Dropbear SSH client allows you to specify the password through an environment variable. This is useful when you need dd-wrt to auto-login to another host via SSH.
#the following requires dd-wrt v24 or later
DROPBEAR_PASSWORD='my password' ssh user@hostname
[edit]Security Tips
Choose a random, non-standard port number >1024, especially if you enabled SSH access from the Internet! Most attackers will use a port scanner that only scans for common open ports by default. Scanning all 65535 ports is much slower for them, which makes it more difficult to find an attack vector and also more likely to be flagged by an Intrusion Detection System.
Memorize, or record somewhere safe, your router's key fingerprint! In the process of logging into your router, if you see that the key fingerprint matches, you can rest assure noone is spying on your connection (i.e. via man-in-the-middle attack). If the key fingerprint does NOT match (your SSH client would likely notify you of this), something is wrong and you should consider terminating the connection immediately! (Note: the router's key fingerprint may change upon reset and/or upgrade, as it will likely generate a new key pair)
For even more added security when using the public key method, you can password protect your private key. This way, if someone malicious happens to get ahold of it, they will still not be able to log into your router without first cracking the password of the key. Otherwise, if the keys are unprotected, anyone who stumbles upon them could likely gain immediate root access to your router and network.
[edit]SSH Shell Client
Provides a secure alternative to standard telnet.
A good Windows Client to use is Putty
Configure the client to use the Private Key you saved earlier.
Most Linux distros have telnet and SSH clients by default.
[edit]SSH Port Forwarding
SSH port forwarding is the ability to create encrypted tunnels to pass traffic through, sort of like a VPN. Below we will discuss two different approaches to SSH port forwarding; Local, and Remote
[edit]Local Port Forwarding
A real world example:
Suppose you have enabled remote SSH management on your router so that you can access it from anywhere on the internet. You wisely left remote HTTP and HTTPS management disabled (HTTP because it's insecure over the internet, HTTPS because it's resource intensive) but now you can't connect directly to the Web Interface of your router... or so you thought
This is where SSH port forwarding comes in. It makes it possible to have secure communication to the router's Web Interface which is really only listening for connections on the LAN interface.
Open up your SSH client and set up a Local port forward to destination localhost:80. Once the SSH connection is up, now you connect to your own machine's source port eg. http://localhost:81* and it creates a secure tunnel to the Web Interface of the router. No more worries about someone spying on your router's traffic and/or password!
81 will be replaced with whatever port you have set for ssh locally on the router. For more information related to the tunnel setup see here:
Forum Discussion
[edit]Requirements
Remote SSH Management should be enabled, under Administration -> Management. (Note: For local forwards, this is only required if you're SSH'ing directly into the router from the WAN. Local forwards can be of many other uses as well, such as tunneling traffic between two LAN machines, or even over the Internet.)
[edit]Setup
Setting up a local port forward is relatively straightforward when using the PuTTY utility under Windows. See Connections -> SSH -> Tunnels. Make sure your configuration includes parameters as illustrated above. Namely,
Source port (port # on your computer)
Destination IPAddress:Port (target machine and port #)
Type: Local
[edit]Remote Port Forwarding
This is useful to tunnel things like RDP (Remote Desktop) through an encrypted SSH tunnel over the internet. For example, you want to be able to access your work computer from home.
If you had:
HomePC <-> Router <-> Internet <-> Firewall <-> WorkPC
WorkPC, which is running RDP on port 3389, issues ssh -R 5555:localhost:3389 [email protected]
HomePC can use his RDP client to connect to port 5555 on the router and this would create an SSH tunnel which will connect HomePC to port 3389 on the WorkPC.
[edit]Requirements
DD-WRT v24 RC7+
SSHd and SSH TCP Forwarding must be enabled under Services -> Secure Shell
Remote SSH Management should be enabled as well, under Administration -> Management
[edit]Setup
Setting up a remote port forward is relatively straightforward when using the PuTTY utility under Windows. See Connections -> SSH -> Tunnels. Make sure your configuration includes parameters as illustrated above. Namely,
Local and Remote ports should accept connections from other hosts
Source port (port # on the router, should be > 1024)
Destination IPAddress:Port
Type: Remote
[edit]SCP
Secure Copy (SCP) allows one to copy files to and from the router and a remote host--usually a desktop machine.
Some good Windows clients to use are FileZilla and WinSCP.
Configure the client to use the Private Key you saved earlier, or use "root" and the webinterface password
Remember: only the /tmp and /jffs partitions are writable!
[edit]Drop Bear
DropBear is an SSH client/server installed by default on the WRT54G. DropBear allows one to connect from the WRT54G to a remote SSH server for scp, etc. I don't believe SSHD needs to be enabled through the Web Interface in order to use the client portion of DropBear.
If you have an SSH server on your desktop machine (such as OpenSSH) you pull files from your desktop machine using the scp command. This can be used to copy files from your desktop machine in a Startup Script
[edit]The DD-WRT Command Line
aka the DD-WRT Linux shell
This is an 'ash' shell. Ash is a version of sh, literally 'A SHell' (A command Interpreter)
[edit]Basic Syntax
The Linux Command Shell (Ash) is not the same as the Windows/DOS command prompt.
/ (and not \) is used to separate directories in a path, just like the interweb.
In order to execute a command, the path for that command must be provided. This may either be a full path or a relative path.
[edit]Relative Path Operators
There are two relative path operators.
. The current path
.. One directory above the current path
[edit]Examples
1) If you are in the /jffs/usr/bin directory and wish to run the /jffs/usr/bin/noip command use:
/jffs/usr/bin # /jffs/usr/bin/noip
or
/jffs/usr/bin # ./noip
2) If you are in the /jffs/usr/bin directory and wish to run the /jffs/usr/kismet command use:
/jffs/usr/bin # /jffs/usr/kismet
or
/jffs/usr/bin # ../kismet
or
/jffs/usr/bin # cd ..
/jffs/usr # ./kismet
3) Relative paths can also be used as arguments. If you installed the noip package, you'd notice that the command is installed as /jffs/usr/bin/noip but its configuration file is installed as /jffs/etc/no-ip.conf When running noip, it is thus required to give it the path to its configuration file with the -c command. This can be done like:
/jffs/usr/bin # ./noip -c /jffs/etc/no-ip.conf
or
/jffs/usr/bin # ./noip -c ../../etc/noip.conf
notice that the first ../ brings us to /jffs/usr/. The second ../ brings us to /jffs/, and then the rest of the path can be appended.
4) While the other examples all showed how to save typing, you can also really screw around with relative paths. To launch the noip command in example 1, you could also use
/jffs/usr/bin # ../../../jffs/./usr/./bin/././../bin/././noip
Here we browse all the way back to the root / directory, then climb back up to /jffs/usr/bin, drop back down to /jffs/usr and then climb back up to /jffs/usr/bin.
Current path references of /./ are thrown in sporadically just to mix things up. Notice how /./ always references the then current path, not the original path of the shell when the command was entered.
[edit]Pipes and Redirects
The output of commands can be piped through other commands or redirected to devices and files.
< and > are the redirect operators. < Takes input from a device or file and routes it as input to the command given. > Takes output from a command and redirects it as input for a device or file. Ex: If you don't want to see the output of a command, redirect it to the null device:
command > /dev/null
| is the pipe character, and pipes the output through another command (for formatting, etc) Ex: the most common use of the pipe is to limit the output of a command:
command | more
This is extremely useful for commands like nvram show which list some 800-1200 lines. nvram show | more will list the results 1 page at a time.
[edit]Background processes
It is possible to run programs in the background (returning you to the command prompt immediately) by terminating your command with the & character. ex:
command &
Make sure you add a space between your command and the ampersand or you will result with a File not found error.
[edit] WEB-GUI (http) Special note
The built-in WEB-GUI command line interface (Diagnostics.asp page) allows only about 200 characters max per line.
Special characters such as " or | must be entered after a \
Example, if you want to set a text nvram value:
Instead of
nvram set svqos_svcs="edonkey p2p 0:0 40 | bittorrent p2p 0:0 40 |"
Enter
nvram set svqos_svcs=\"edonkey p2p 0:0 40 \| bittorrent p2p 0:0 40 \|\"
[edit]Basic Commands
<command> -h The -h flag almost always provides help on a command. Use it!
ls List the contents of the current directory
cd <directory or full path> Change to that directory or path
cp <source> <destination> Copy the source file to the destination
cp -r <source> <destination> Copy the source directory to the destination directory
mv <source> <destination> Move the source file to the destination
mkdir <directory name> Create a new directory
wget <URI> Download the file at the given URI to the current path
tar -xz -f <file> un-gzip and un-tar the given *.tgz or *.tar.gz file
rm <file> Delete the file
rm -r <directory> Delete the directory and all contents
killall <program name> Kill all running processes of the program
ps Show running processes
top Show running processes in a graphical frontend
[edit]More Advanced Commands
These commands warrant their own wikis:
brctl
cut
expr
dnsmasq
ip
ifup
ifconfig
iptables
scp
tc
udhcpd
wl
Open the command prompt and type "telnet" (On Windows vista/7 you will need to install it from "programs and features").
connect to <Router_LAN_IP> e.g. 192.168.1.1 so in the command prompt, this would look like:
telnet 192.168.1.1
When asked for the username, enter root (even if you changed username in web interface)
When asked for the password, enter your router's password (default "admin")
[edit]SSH
[edit]Overview
SSH, or Secure Shell, is an encrypted protocol and associated program intended to replace telnet. It can also be used for creating secure tunnels, somewhat akin to Virtual Private Networks, and for use as a network file system (Sshfs). Unless changed, everything SSH operates on port 22.
SSH operates just as telnet with a user/password combination or on a Public/Private key infastructure. For the latter to work, a small public key is given to the server and the server gives your client its public key. Your client encrypts information to the server using the servers public key and the server encrypts information sent to you using your public key. Private keys are never exchanged, and are used to decrypt the information encrypted with the associated public key.
The DD-WRT firmware can use user/pass logon or only allows connections from clients whose public keys are manually entered via the web interface. Multiple keys can be entered by placing them on separate lines.
If you want to use user/password to login using SSH use user "root" with the password you set in the webinterface
Actually you can manually set (via telnet or ssh) the sshd_authorized_keys nvram variable. ie nvram set sshd_authorized_keys=key1 key2 key3 etc
You can also manually edit /tmp/root/.ssh/authorized_keys and add keys (although these will disappear on a reboot unless you have a startup script altering them).
It is worth pointing out ssh keys are quite long strings of characters so if you paste them in you have to be careful that you don't get any line breaks (ie it is one Long continuous line). or they will not work.
[edit]Setting Up
[edit]Public key method
Public key authentication is one of the most secure methods of logging into SSH. It functions similar to HTTPS, as all transmissions are encrypted with a key that only the client and server will have. Another plus...if you use this method instead of password authentication, no one will be able to crack away at your router trying to guess the password!
To enable it, first you should generate a Public/Private key pair on your desktop machine. This can be done through the "Puttygen" utility if you're using either Putty or WinSCP as clients. Copy the public key to the clipboard and save the private key somewhere on your computer. There is no need to save the public key. If you forget it, you can instruct Puttygen to open your private key file rather than generating a new key pair and it will tell you your public key. Users of non-windows environments may use the ssh-keygen(1) utility:
user@machine:~> ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/home/user/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
68:1c:50:0e:76
d09e:5e:5a:65:78:20:5c:fb [email protected]It is recommended that you don't secure your key pair with a password, as this will make things easier for you, although somewhat less secure.
Using the Web Interface, go to the Administration tab. (in v24 use Services tab)
Under the Services sub-tab, Enable SSHd in the Secure Shell section. If new options don't appear, Save Settings
Paste your public key in the authorized key of the SSHD section that has now expanded. You will need to generate this on your desktop if you don't have one yet.
Save and Apply Settings
NOTE: The format of the public key when pasted has to be "ssh-rsa", space, key, space, comment. Here is an example: (please note that there should be no line feed at the end)
ssh-rsa AAAAB4NfaC3yc5 ... jZfYmBTi7Q== rsa-key-20101024
Alternate method:
Connect with ssh (login/password :0)
root@wrt54g:~# nvram set sshd_authorized_keys='ssh-rsa AAAAB4NfaC3yc5 ... jZfYmBTi7Q== rsa-key-20101024'
root@wrt54g:~# nvram commit
root@wrt54g:~# reboot
Remember to enter your key as an entire characters line (no space, tab...)
In Putty, you can enable key authentication by opening the SSH authentication configuration (Connection -> SSH -> Auth) and entering or browsing to your private key file. Also make sure your auto-login username is root (in Connection -> Data).
[edit]Password Login method
If you don't want the hassle of generating ssh keys, you may use the password logon method. However, please be aware that this method is much less secure! (passwords may be truncated to 8 characters or less)
Using the Web Interface, go to the Administration tab. (in v24 use Services tab)
Under the Services sub-tab, Enable SSHd in the Secure Shell section. If new options don't appear, Save Settings
Enable Password Login to enable the password login
Save and Apply Settings
After this you may login as user "root" with the password you set for the webinterface
[edit]Automatic Login (for shell scripts)
The Dropbear SSH client allows you to specify the password through an environment variable. This is useful when you need dd-wrt to auto-login to another host via SSH.
#the following requires dd-wrt v24 or later
DROPBEAR_PASSWORD='my password' ssh user@hostname
[edit]Security Tips
Choose a random, non-standard port number >1024, especially if you enabled SSH access from the Internet! Most attackers will use a port scanner that only scans for common open ports by default. Scanning all 65535 ports is much slower for them, which makes it more difficult to find an attack vector and also more likely to be flagged by an Intrusion Detection System.
Memorize, or record somewhere safe, your router's key fingerprint! In the process of logging into your router, if you see that the key fingerprint matches, you can rest assure noone is spying on your connection (i.e. via man-in-the-middle attack). If the key fingerprint does NOT match (your SSH client would likely notify you of this), something is wrong and you should consider terminating the connection immediately! (Note: the router's key fingerprint may change upon reset and/or upgrade, as it will likely generate a new key pair)
For even more added security when using the public key method, you can password protect your private key. This way, if someone malicious happens to get ahold of it, they will still not be able to log into your router without first cracking the password of the key. Otherwise, if the keys are unprotected, anyone who stumbles upon them could likely gain immediate root access to your router and network.
[edit]SSH Shell Client
Provides a secure alternative to standard telnet.
A good Windows Client to use is Putty
Configure the client to use the Private Key you saved earlier.
Most Linux distros have telnet and SSH clients by default.
[edit]SSH Port Forwarding
SSH port forwarding is the ability to create encrypted tunnels to pass traffic through, sort of like a VPN. Below we will discuss two different approaches to SSH port forwarding; Local, and Remote
[edit]Local Port Forwarding
A real world example:
Suppose you have enabled remote SSH management on your router so that you can access it from anywhere on the internet. You wisely left remote HTTP and HTTPS management disabled (HTTP because it's insecure over the internet, HTTPS because it's resource intensive) but now you can't connect directly to the Web Interface of your router... or so you thought
This is where SSH port forwarding comes in. It makes it possible to have secure communication to the router's Web Interface which is really only listening for connections on the LAN interface.
Open up your SSH client and set up a Local port forward to destination localhost:80. Once the SSH connection is up, now you connect to your own machine's source port eg. http://localhost:81* and it creates a secure tunnel to the Web Interface of the router. No more worries about someone spying on your router's traffic and/or password!
81 will be replaced with whatever port you have set for ssh locally on the router. For more information related to the tunnel setup see here:
Forum Discussion
[edit]Requirements
Remote SSH Management should be enabled, under Administration -> Management. (Note: For local forwards, this is only required if you're SSH'ing directly into the router from the WAN. Local forwards can be of many other uses as well, such as tunneling traffic between two LAN machines, or even over the Internet.)
[edit]Setup
Setting up a local port forward is relatively straightforward when using the PuTTY utility under Windows. See Connections -> SSH -> Tunnels. Make sure your configuration includes parameters as illustrated above. Namely,
Source port (port # on your computer)
Destination IPAddress:Port (target machine and port #)
Type: Local
[edit]Remote Port Forwarding
This is useful to tunnel things like RDP (Remote Desktop) through an encrypted SSH tunnel over the internet. For example, you want to be able to access your work computer from home.
If you had:
HomePC <-> Router <-> Internet <-> Firewall <-> WorkPC
WorkPC, which is running RDP on port 3389, issues ssh -R 5555:localhost:3389 [email protected]
HomePC can use his RDP client to connect to port 5555 on the router and this would create an SSH tunnel which will connect HomePC to port 3389 on the WorkPC.
[edit]Requirements
DD-WRT v24 RC7+
SSHd and SSH TCP Forwarding must be enabled under Services -> Secure Shell
Remote SSH Management should be enabled as well, under Administration -> Management
[edit]Setup
Setting up a remote port forward is relatively straightforward when using the PuTTY utility under Windows. See Connections -> SSH -> Tunnels. Make sure your configuration includes parameters as illustrated above. Namely,
Local and Remote ports should accept connections from other hosts
Source port (port # on the router, should be > 1024)
Destination IPAddress:Port
Type: Remote
[edit]SCP
Secure Copy (SCP) allows one to copy files to and from the router and a remote host--usually a desktop machine.
Some good Windows clients to use are FileZilla and WinSCP.
Configure the client to use the Private Key you saved earlier, or use "root" and the webinterface password
Remember: only the /tmp and /jffs partitions are writable!
[edit]Drop Bear
DropBear is an SSH client/server installed by default on the WRT54G. DropBear allows one to connect from the WRT54G to a remote SSH server for scp, etc. I don't believe SSHD needs to be enabled through the Web Interface in order to use the client portion of DropBear.
If you have an SSH server on your desktop machine (such as OpenSSH) you pull files from your desktop machine using the scp command. This can be used to copy files from your desktop machine in a Startup Script
[edit]The DD-WRT Command Line
aka the DD-WRT Linux shell
This is an 'ash' shell. Ash is a version of sh, literally 'A SHell' (A command Interpreter)
[edit]Basic Syntax
The Linux Command Shell (Ash) is not the same as the Windows/DOS command prompt.
/ (and not \) is used to separate directories in a path, just like the interweb.
In order to execute a command, the path for that command must be provided. This may either be a full path or a relative path.
[edit]Relative Path Operators
There are two relative path operators.
. The current path
.. One directory above the current path
[edit]Examples
1) If you are in the /jffs/usr/bin directory and wish to run the /jffs/usr/bin/noip command use:
/jffs/usr/bin # /jffs/usr/bin/noip
or
/jffs/usr/bin # ./noip
2) If you are in the /jffs/usr/bin directory and wish to run the /jffs/usr/kismet command use:
/jffs/usr/bin # /jffs/usr/kismet
or
/jffs/usr/bin # ../kismet
or
/jffs/usr/bin # cd ..
/jffs/usr # ./kismet
3) Relative paths can also be used as arguments. If you installed the noip package, you'd notice that the command is installed as /jffs/usr/bin/noip but its configuration file is installed as /jffs/etc/no-ip.conf When running noip, it is thus required to give it the path to its configuration file with the -c command. This can be done like:
/jffs/usr/bin # ./noip -c /jffs/etc/no-ip.conf
or
/jffs/usr/bin # ./noip -c ../../etc/noip.conf
notice that the first ../ brings us to /jffs/usr/. The second ../ brings us to /jffs/, and then the rest of the path can be appended.
4) While the other examples all showed how to save typing, you can also really screw around with relative paths. To launch the noip command in example 1, you could also use
/jffs/usr/bin # ../../../jffs/./usr/./bin/././../bin/././noip
Here we browse all the way back to the root / directory, then climb back up to /jffs/usr/bin, drop back down to /jffs/usr and then climb back up to /jffs/usr/bin.
Current path references of /./ are thrown in sporadically just to mix things up. Notice how /./ always references the then current path, not the original path of the shell when the command was entered.
[edit]Pipes and Redirects
The output of commands can be piped through other commands or redirected to devices and files.
< and > are the redirect operators. < Takes input from a device or file and routes it as input to the command given. > Takes output from a command and redirects it as input for a device or file. Ex: If you don't want to see the output of a command, redirect it to the null device:
command > /dev/null
| is the pipe character, and pipes the output through another command (for formatting, etc) Ex: the most common use of the pipe is to limit the output of a command:
command | more
This is extremely useful for commands like nvram show which list some 800-1200 lines. nvram show | more will list the results 1 page at a time.
[edit]Background processes
It is possible to run programs in the background (returning you to the command prompt immediately) by terminating your command with the & character. ex:
command &
Make sure you add a space between your command and the ampersand or you will result with a File not found error.
[edit] WEB-GUI (http
The built-in WEB-GUI command line interface (Diagnostics.asp page) allows only about 200 characters max per line.
Special characters such as " or | must be entered after a \
Example, if you want to set a text nvram value:
Instead of
nvram set svqos_svcs="edonkey p2p 0:0 40 | bittorrent p2p 0:0 40 |"
Enter
nvram set svqos_svcs=\"edonkey p2p 0:0 40 \| bittorrent p2p 0:0 40 \|\"
[edit]Basic Commands
<command> -h The -h flag almost always provides help on a command. Use it!
ls List the contents of the current directory
cd <directory or full path> Change to that directory or path
cp <source> <destination> Copy the source file to the destination
cp -r <source> <destination> Copy the source directory to the destination directory
mv <source> <destination> Move the source file to the destination
mkdir <directory name> Create a new directory
wget <URI> Download the file at the given URI to the current path
tar -xz -f <file> un-gzip and un-tar the given *.tgz or *.tar.gz file
rm <file> Delete the file
rm -r <directory> Delete the directory and all contents
killall <program name> Kill all running processes of the program
ps Show running processes
top Show running processes in a graphical frontend
[edit]More Advanced Commands
These commands warrant their own wikis:
brctl
cut
expr
dnsmasq
ip
ifup
ifconfig
iptables
scp
tc
udhcpd
wl
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@all wag po kayo maniwala agad.
meroon ba sa inyo willing makipag meet up agad. syempre wala!
baka taga globe yan. natatandaan ko yan ung mahilig manita na newbie dati
http://www.symbianize.com/showthread.php?p=6474037#post6474037
ayan ung post nya ohh. at may mga post yan na naghihingi ng tut.
ung bago yan sa SB puro sita ginagawa nyan at panglalait pati mga maling typo lang pinapansin.
take it on your own risk. napasilip lang hehehehehe.
meroon ba sa inyo willing makipag meet up agad. syempre wala!
baka taga globe yan. natatandaan ko yan ung mahilig manita na newbie dati
http://www.symbianize.com/showthread.php?p=6474037#post6474037
ayan ung post nya ohh. at may mga post yan na naghihingi ng tut.
ung bago yan sa SB puro sita ginagawa nyan at panglalait pati mga maling typo lang pinapansin.
take it on your own risk. napasilip lang hehehehehe.
sevenblackroses
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hindi ka lang nareplyan sa pm ganyan kna.. mga tao nga naman..
@all
nasa inyo yan.. hindi ko lng nireplayan yan sa pm..inignore ko lng lahat ng message nyan sken nagkaganyan na.. bahala kayo if ayaw nyo.. hindi ko kayo pinipilit
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- Messages
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ahahahahaha nag kamali lang ako sa pag PM kasi hindi kita nakilala lol
anjan ung sinasabi ko sa link ohh.
sabi ko nga sa kanila take it on your own risk.
sabi ko pati sa comment ko baka lang.
at nasa sa kanila naman un kung anu iisipin nila.
wala naman ako sinabi na taga globe ka sabi ko baka lang.
bahala na kayo mag judge.
anjan ung sinasabi ko sa link ohh.
sabi ko nga sa kanila take it on your own risk.
sabi ko pati sa comment ko baka lang.
at nasa sa kanila naman un kung anu iisipin nila.
wala naman ako sinabi na taga globe ka sabi ko baka lang.
bahala na kayo mag judge.
sevenblackroses
Terminated Account
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wla ka nmn pla magandang sasabihin at gusto mo lng magpost ng walang pagbabasihan.. it either na itikum mo nalng yang bibig mo... ayaw nyo ng ng lBC ayaw nyo din ng meet-ups.. well gudluck nalang sa inyo.. gusto nyo ipost dito ng libre.. gudluck if my maglabas dito nyan...
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nice info boss - -
mukang isa ka sa mga sugo para sa 622i ah !
nakapag pagana ka na ba ng 622i?
sevenblackroses
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mali ka dyan boss.. no comment nalang nga ako, maling mali yang alam nyo..
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may scam-er............................................................................grabe alisna 2d maka sira kalang sa forum......................................................................................
SINO ? ? ?
sevenblackroses
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sus! pinaghirapan at pinagaksyahan ko ng time effort ibibigay ko nalang ng libre? ipo2st ko nlng dito? kagaguhan yang opinion na ganyan..
sevenblackroses
Terminated Account
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Meron akong BMBM622i.. kaso patay na linya.. working pa ba yung work arround dito sa thread na to?
kung my budget ka sir... meet-ups buhayin ko yang modem mo if the price is ryt.. if gusto u lng... walang sapilitan.. bka questionin na2man aq ng magagaling dito at sabhin agent ako ng globe..
