The key to the insight that blackholes are wormholes to other parts of the universe—distant or otherwise—and perhaps other universes, is the discovery that the
equation for wormholes, ER (after Einstein and Nathan Rosen), is essentially equivalent to the
equation for entanglement, EPR (after Einstein again, Boris Podolsky, and yet again, Nathan Rosen):
ER = EPR
The surprising insight tells us that the pair production of charged black holes ... leads [not only] to entangled black holes, but also ... to a wormhole.
Susskind and Maldacena envisioned gathering up all the Hawking particles and smashing them together until they collapse into a black hole. That black hole would be entangled, and thus connected via wormhole, with the original black hole.
This insight could be pushed even further by claiming
any entangled pair of particles—even particles not ordinarily considered to be black holes, and pairs of particles with different masses or spin, or with charges which aren't opposite—are connected by Planck-scale wormholes. A similar idea was actually first proposed by Friedwardt Winterberg without a violation of quantum mechanical linear superposition of separable states as in the conjecture by Maldacena and Susskind.
The idea leads to a grander conjecture that the geometry of space, time and gravity is determined by entanglement:
that spacetime itself emerges from entanglement....
I don't know if this
article would help, but it has a simpler take on the whole ER = EPR issue. For a moment, just think of wormholes as
spacetime contortions resulting from entanglement that serve as bridges connecting one point in the universe to another point—or, as I said earlier, to another entirely different universe altogether.
- - - Updated - - -
For those others who are not up to mind-bending discussions about
nothing, wormholes and blackholes (
), how about the topic of slowly waning influence of religion in Europe then? Specifically, I'm talking of
events like this, which centers on Christianity specifically, but indicates all religions generally in that part of the world....
- - - Updated - - -
But back to the idea of an
emergent spacetime: there is, curiously, another development that points to this: the introduction of
amplituhedron to simplify the computation of so-called Feynman diagrams, which, at average, would leave one with a pile of yellow papers to compute for particle interactions; the amplituhedron, by comparison, would only require a piece of napkin.
Quanta has a lovely piece about amplituhedron—
here.
